The Personal Brain Software
Neurofeedback (NFB), also called neurotherapy, neurobiofeedback or EEG biofeedback (EEGBF) is a therapy technique that presents the user with real-time information about activity within their brain, as measured by electrical or blood-flow sensors on the scalp. Brain activity is monitored and processed to provide feedback to the user in one of several ways, for example a video game rocket ship might accelerate when desired brainwaves are produced (positive feedback), or a film or music might pause when undesired brainwaves are produced (negative feedback).
The user then uses this feedback to develop the brainwaves they wish to create and as a consequence, learn to gain more control over their brainwaves and therefore how they think and feel in every day situations. It has been used to help a range of conditions including ADHD and addictions.
General[edit]
Software | Type | Version | Operating systems | Developer | License | FDA cleared | Supported Devices |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BetterFly | Neurofeedback | Clinic 2.0; Home 2.0 | Windows | BetterFly Neurofeedback | Proprietary | Classification by device | U-WIZ, PocketNeurobics PendantEEG, BrainMaster 2EB |
BioEra | Biofeedback: visual designer | 2.0 | Windows, Android | PROATECH LLC | Proprietary | No (but basis of Cygnet and others) | Pocket Neurobics,[1] BrainQuiry,[2] NeuroAmp,[3] Neurobit Optima, |
BioExplorer | Neurofeedback | 1.5 | Windows | Cyberevolution, Larry Janow | Proprietary | No 'Intended for personal use...' | Brainmaster,[4] BrainQuiry,[2] NeuroAmp,[3] Neurobit Optima, |
BioGraph Infiniti | Neurofeedback/Biofeedback | 6.1.0 | Windows | Thought Technology Ltd, Dr. Hal Myers | Proprietary | Yes | Thought Technology[4] |
BioTrace+ | Neurofeedback, Biofeedback, QEEG | 2015 | Windows | Mind Media B.V. | Proprietary | Medical class II | NeXus by Mind Media[2] 4, 10 (MKII), 32 |
Brainathalon | Game | ? | Java | Amy Palke | Open source | No | |
BrainBay | Neurofeedback: MIDI, particle display | ? | Windows | Chris Veigl and Jeremy Wilkerson | GPL | No | Neurobit Optima and more |
BrainFeedback Pro | Neurofeedback | v12 | Windows | Deymed Diagnostic | Proprietary | Yes | Deymed |
BrainMaster | Neurofeedback, Biofeedback, and QEEG; optional live z-scores (ANI or BrainDX), Live sLORETA Projector. | various including BrainAvatar. Third-party SW includes: NeuroGuide, BioExplorer, BioERA, BrainPaint, SKIL, LENS, EEGer, BrainTrain, OpenVibe, EEGStudio | Windows | BrainMaster Technologies, Inc. Thomas F. Collura | Proprietary; includes optional no-cost Application Programming Interfaces (API) | FDA 510(k) clearance, ISO 13485 certification, and CE marking in Europe | Brainmaster[4] 2E, 2EW, 2EB, Atlantis, Discovery, MINI-Q |
BrainPaint® | Evidence Based Neurofeedback, with a validated[5] and replicated[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] symptom based evaluation tool. | 2.0 Includes BrainPrint™, Alpha Theta, Brain-Heart Coherence, Couples Synchrony, Nonlinear, Slow Cortical Potential, Coherence training and all other frequency rewards and inhibits. | N/A | BrainPaint, Inc. William C. Scott | Proprietary | FDA 510(k) clearance, ISO 13485 certification, and CE marking in Europe | Brainmaster[4] 2E, 2EW, 2EB, Atlantis, Discovery |
BWView | Brainwave viewer | 1.0.5 | Linux, Windows | Jim Peters | GPL | No | |
Cygnet | Neurofeedback/Biofeedback
| 2.0 | Windows (any version) | Developer: BEE Systems GmbH Manufacturer: Corscience GmbH&CoKG Distribution: BEE Medic Europe, BEE Medic EMEA, BEE Medic USA | Proprietary | FDA class II, CE class IIa; including Cygnet Bio/Neurofeedback Software | NeuroAmp[3] Bio/Neurofeedback device plus add-ons:
|
Dual Drive Pro | BiofeedbackGSR & Temp | 3.0 | Windows | Somatic Vision Inc. | Proprietary | Unknown (not EEG) | |
eBioo | Neurofeedback & Analysis one-, two- and four channel training, | 1.5 | Windows | Soft-dynamics, Geoffrey Arens | Proprietary | No – not stated or in FDA database | Pocket Neurobics,[1] Neurobit Optima,[2] Brainmaster[4] |
EEGer4 | Neurofeedback & Analysis | 4.3.0 | Windows | EEG Software LLC | Proprietary | FDA Class II | J&J,[4] Telediagnostic Systems,[4] Phoenix Neuro Systems,[4] |
ElectricGuru | Neurofeedback | 0.4 | Windows | Rob Sacks | Open source | No | |
EventIDE | Visual environment for designing behavioral experiments and mental games with real-time neurofeedback control and signal processing. | 1.0 | Windows | Okazolab Ltd | Proprietary | No | The majority of popular bio-amplifiers |
LENSware | Neurofeedback &Analysis | 3 | Windows | OchsLabs | Proprietary | FDA Class II Exempt | Ochslabs A200 amplifier |
Mind WorkStation | Neurofeedback, Biofeedback, and EEG-Driven Entrainment | 1.3 | Windows | Transparent Corporation | Proprietary | No but can use Bioexplorer, Biograph, BioEra links | See Bioexplorer, Biograph, BioEra |
MindReflector | Neurofeedback | 1.1 | Windows | MindReflector Technologies, LLC | Proprietary | No | NeuroSky[2] |
NeuroField | Neurofeedback & Analysis | 8.7.5 | Windows | NeuroField, Inc. | Proprietary | FDA Class II[22] | X3000 Plus[23] and Q20 EEG[24][25] |
neuromore Studio | Customizable Biofeedback, protocol designing and automated therapy solution | 1.2.0 | Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android, iOS | neuromore Inc. | Proprietary | No | |
NeurOptimal | Neurofeedback | 3.0 | Windows | Valdeane W. Brown, Ph.D. | Proprietary | Unknown – not stated or in FDA database | zAmp[2] from Zengar |
NeuroRT Suite Koala Modulo | Real-time Processing, Self Neuromodulation, Bio/Neurofeedback | 2.2 | Windows, Linux, Android | Mensia Technologies | Proprietary | Medical device CE class IIa |
|
NeuroServer | Raw EEG to TCP/IP + EDF converter | 0.7.4 | Linux, Windows | [Rudi Cilibrasi] | GPL | No | |
OpenViBE | BCI, Visual Designer, Analysis, Neurofeedback | 0.18 | Linux, Windows | INRIA | AGPL-3 | No | List of compatible systems |
SmartMind | Neurofeedback | v2010 | Windows | BrainTrain, Inc. | Proprietary | Unknown – not stated or in FDA database | Smartmind,[2] Brainmaster,[4] Thought Technology,[4] J&J,[4] |
Myndlift | Neurofeedback: one-channel remote amplitude training | ? | Android | Myndlift LTD | Proprietary | No | Muse |
Vilistus | Neurofeedback/Biofeedback | v5.2.5 | Windows | Stephen Clark | Proprietary | No | Vilistus |
- ^ abcdeMultiple NON-FDA-cleared devices
- ^ abcdefghijklStatus Unknown
- ^ abcFDA-cleared device
- ^ abcdefghijklmnopMultiple FDA-cleared devices
- ^Scott, William C.; Kaiser, David; Othmer, Siegfried; Sideroff, Stephen I. (7 July 2009). 'Effects of an EEG Biofeedback Protocol on a Mixed Substance Abusing Population'. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 31 (3): 455–69. doi:10.1081/ADA-200056807. PMID16161729.
- ^Keith, Julian R.; Rapgay, Lobsang; Theodore, Don; Schwartz, Jeffrey M.; Ross, Jae L. (March 2015). 'An assessment of an automated EEG biofeedback system for attention deficits in a substance use disorders residential treatment setting'. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 29 (1): 17–25. doi:10.1037/adb0000016. PMC5495545. PMID25180558.
- ^Dehghani-Arani, Fateme; Rostami, Reza; Nadali, Hosein (20 April 2013). 'Neurofeedback Training for Opiate Addiction: Improvement of Mental Health and Craving'. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. 38 (2): 133–141. doi:10.1007/s10484-013-9218-5. PMC3650238. PMID23605225.
- ^Arani, Fateme Dehghani; Rostami, Reza; Nostratabadi, Masoud (July 2010). 'Effectiveness of Neurofeedback Training as a Treatment for Opioid-Dependent Patients'. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience. 41 (3): 170–177. doi:10.1177/155005941004100313. PMID20722354.
- ^Egner, T; Gruzelier, JH (January 2004). 'EEG biofeedback of low beta band components: frequency-specific effects on variables of attention and event-related brain potentials'. Clinical Neurophysiology. 115 (1): 131–9. doi:10.1016/S1388-2457(03)00353-5. PMID14706480.
- ^Dalkner, Nina; Unterrainer, Human F.; Wood, Guilherme; Skliris, Dimitris; Holasek, Sandra J.; Gruzelier, John H.; Neuper, Christa (26 September 2017). 'Short-term Beneficial Effects of 12 Sessions of Neurofeedback on Avoidant Personality Accentuation in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder'. Frontiers in Psychology. 8: 1688. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01688. PMC5622970. PMID29018397.
- ^Lackner, Nina; Unterrainer, Human F.; Skliris, Dimitris; Wood, Guilherme; Wallner-Liebmann, Sandra J.; Neuper, Christa; Gruzelier, John H. (27 September 2015). 'The Effectiveness of Visual Short-Time Neurofeedback on Brain Activity and Clinical Characteristics in Alcohol Use Disorders'. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience. 47 (3): 188–195. doi:10.1177/1550059415605686. PMID26415612.
- ^Horrell, Timothy; El-Baz, Ayman; Baruth, Joshua; Tasman, Allan; Sokhadze, Guela; Stewart, Christopher; Sokhadze, Estate (16 August 2010). 'Neurofeedback Effects on Evoked and Induced EEG Gamma Band Reactivity to Drug-Related Cues in Cocaine Addiction'. Journal of Neurotherapy. 14 (3): 195–216. doi:10.1080/10874208.2010.501498. PMC2957125. PMID20976131.
- ^Unterrainer, Human F.; Lewis, Andrew J.; Gruzelier, John H. (2013). 'EEG-Neurofeedback in psychodynamic treatment of substance dependence'. Frontiers in Psychology. 4: 692. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00692. PMC3787602. PMID24098295.
- ^Fattahi, Samineh; Naderi, Farah; Asgari, Parviz; Ahadi, Hassan (27 June 2017). 'Neuro-Feedback Training For Overweight Women: Improvement of Food Craving And Mental Health'. NeuroQuantology. 15 (2). doi:10.14704/nq.2017.15.2.1067.
- ^Rostami, R.; Dehghani-Arani, F. (19 April 2015). 'Neurofeedback Training as a New Method in Treatment of Crystal Methamphetamine Dependent Patients: A Preliminary Study'. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. 40 (3): 151–161. doi:10.1007/s10484-015-9281-1. PMID25894106.
- ^'Quantitative Electroencephalography-Guided Versus Scott/Peniston Neurofeedback With Substance Use Disorder Outpatients'(PDF). www.aapb.org/files/publications/biofeedback/2007/biof_winter_pilot_study.pdf.
- ^Nooner, Kate B.; Leaberry, Kirsten D.; Keith, Julian R.; Ogle, Richard L. (17 May 2016). 'Clinic Outcome Assessment of a Brief Course Neurofeedback for Childhood ADHD Symptoms'. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research. 44 (3): 506–514. doi:10.1007/s11414-016-9511-1. PMID27189699.
- ^Ros, T.; Frewen, P.; Théberge, J.; Michela, A.; Kluetsch, R.; Mueller, A.; Candrian, G.; Jetly, R.; Vuilleumier, P.; Lanius, R. A. (12 September 2016). 'Neurofeedback Tunes Scale-Free Dynamics in Spontaneous Brain Activity'. Cerebral Cortex. 27 (10): 4911–4922. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhw285. PMID27620975.
- ^Nicholson, Andrew A.; Ros, Tomas; Frewen, Paul A.; Densmore, Maria; Théberge, Jean; Kluetsch, Rosemarie C.; Jetly, Rakesh; Lanius, Ruth A. (February 2016). 'Alpha oscillation neurofeedback modulates amygdala complex connectivity and arousal in posttraumatic stress disorder'. NeuroImage: Clinical. 12: 506–516. doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2016.07.006. PMC5030332. PMID27672554.
- ^Kluetsch, R. C.; Ros, T.; Théberge, J.; Frewen, P. A.; Calhoun, V. D.; Schmahl, C.; Jetly, R.; Lanius, R. A. (August 2014). 'Plastic modulation of PTSD resting-state networks and subjective wellbeing by EEG neurofeedback'. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 130 (2): 123–136. doi:10.1111/acps.12229. PMC4442612. PMID24266644.
- ^Mazur, L. M.; Campbell, A.; Comitz, E.; Planting, D.; Lowen, S.; Mosaly, P. R.; Belger, A.; Chera, B. S.; Marks, L. B. (2017). 'Positive effects of neurofeedback intervention on radiation oncology physicians' workload during go/no-go performance test'. Le Travail Humain. 80 (1): 113–32. doi:10.3917/th.801.0113.
- ^'Establishment Registration & Device Listing'. www.accessdata.fda.gov. Retrieved 2015-09-22.
- ^'X3000 Plus – NeuroField – The Energetic Wave of the Future'. Retrieved 2015-09-22.
- ^'Q20 EEG – NeuroField – The Energetic Wave of the Future'. Retrieved 2015-09-22.
- ^'X3000 Plus and Q20 EEG – NeuroField – The Energetic Wave of the Future'. Retrieved 2015-09-22.
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